What is matter?
Matter is anything that takes up space.
What is mass?
Mass is the amount of matter inside of an object.
What is volume?
Volume is how much space is taken.
What has more mass, a golf ball or a balloon? How do you know?
The golf ball has more mass than the balloon because it weighs more.
What has more volume, a golf ball or a balloon? How do you know?
The balloon has more volume because it takes up more space than the golf ball.
If you were on the moon, would you weigh the same amount? Why or why not? Would you have the same mass?
If we were on the moon, we would have the same mass because we have just as much matter as we do on the earth. The moon has less mass than the earth so you would not weigh as much.
What is density?
Density is the amount of matter that is in a object.
What causes something to float? To sink?
If a boats density is greater than the water’s density it will sink, and if the water's density is greater than the boats, the boat will float.
How do you find the density of something?
To find the density we divide the mass by its volume to measure how much matter is packed into it.
What is the most dense: Solid, liquid, or gas? What is the least dense: Solid, liquid, or gas?
The most dense of a solid, liquid, and gas is a solid. The least dense of solid, liquid, or gas would be gas.
1.What does buoyancy mean?
Buoyancy means that that any object that gets pushed up to the surface with liquid has buoyancy.
2.Look at the diagram of the submarine on pages 298-299, and read the explanation about the ballast tanks above it. Why do you think that the ballast tanks aren’t put in just one part of the submarine?
The ballast tanks on both sides help the submarine to be stable.
3.What would adding more water to the ballast tanks do? What would letting water out of the ballast tanks do?
If you added more water to the ballast tank it will start to sink. If you let water out of the ballast tank in the submarine it will float.
4.What does it mean when we say some materials conduct heat well? Give an example of a material that conducts heat.
Conducting heat means letting heat go through the materials. For example, metal conducts heat well.
5.What does it mean when we say some materials insulate against the passage of heat? Give an example of a material that insulates against heat.
Some materials insulate the heat from escaping like wood handles on the pans insulate the heat.
What are four different properties that we can use to classify matter?
The four different properties that classify matter are density, magnetism, electricity, and buoyancy.
Give two examples of how you use these properties in everyday life.
We use electricity to power a house, and magnetism to make our electricity.
What kind of metal must an object be made out of in order to be attracted by a magnet?
Iron is the only metal that can be attached to a magnet.
Look at the chart of page 297. Using the information on the chart, explain why helium balloons rise.
Helium balloons rise because the air density is 0.0012 at sea level. The density of the helium is 0.00018. As long as the helium and balloon are lighter than the air, the balloon will rise.
Answer the following density questions:
A piece of wood has a mass of 25 grams, and a volume of 29.4 c(3). What is its density?
The density of the piece of wood is 0.85.
25/29.4=0.85
A cup of gold colored metal beads was measured to have a mass 425 grams. By water displacement, the volume of the beads was calculated to be 48.0 cm3. Given the following densities, identify which type of metal it is.
Gold: 19.3 g/mL
Copper: 8.86 g/mL
Bronze: 9.87 g/mL
It is copper.
4250/480=8.86
What are elements?
Elements are things that can not be broken down into simpler substances.
How are elements related to matter?
Elements make all matter in the universe.
Describe the symbols given to elements.
The symbols given to elements are letters. The first letter is always capitalized and the second is not. For example, Au is for gold, Al is for aluminum, C is for carbon, S is for sulfur, and Cu is for copper.
Do a little bit of online research to find out what the “Periodic Table” is. Describe what it is simply, and in your own words.
The periodic table is a table of elements of metals and gases.
Continue looking online to find an example of a periodic table that includes the name of each element (not just it’s symbol). Sort each element into two groups, and list them below. The first group should be each element that you know about. The second group should be each element that you have never heard of before.
Elements I do know
Helium
Sulfur
Potassium
Calcium
Titanium
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Bromine
Krypton
Silver
Tin
Platinum
Gold
Mercury
Elements I don’t know
Beryllium
Lithium
Boron
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Neon
Silicon
Phosphorus
Chlorine
Argon
Scandium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Gallium
Germanium
Arsenic
Selenium
Rubidium
Strontium
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
Molybdenum
Technetium
Ruthenium
Rhodium
Palladium
Cadmium
Indium
Antimony
Tellurium
Iodine
Xenon
Cesium
Barium
Lanthanum
Cerium
Praseodymium
Neodymium
Promethium
Samarium
Europium
Gadolinium
Terbium
Dysprosium
Holmium
Erbium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
Osmium
Iridium
What is a compound?
A compound is a single substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.
Water contains the elements hydrogen and oxygen. However, when you look at water under a microscope, you can’t see each of these parts. Why does water appear to be a single substance?
Water appears to be a single substance because the oxygen and hydrogen are mixed. It is called a compound.
What is a chemical formula? Use the chemical formula for glucose (a type of sugar) to illustrate your explanation.
A chemical formula is a few numbers and letters that contains symbols for the elements. For example, glucose is C6H12O6. C6 means there are 6 carbon atoms, H12 means 12 hydrogen atoms, and O6 means 6 oxygen atoms.
What is an atom?
An atom is a small thing that makes everything in the world. The atom is so small you can only see it through machines.
Describe the parts of an atom.
The parts of an atom are the nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons. The nucleus is in the center of the atom. It is filled with neutrons and protons, and electrons float outside the nucleus. Between the nucleus and the electrons is empty space.
Each element has different properties. What are three of the properties of elements that are described in the book? Give an example of each.
The first property is chemical reactivity. Magnetism takes part in chemical reactions easier than aluminum. The magnetism reacts wildly with the acid. But still the aluminum hardly reacts at all.
The second property is metal versus nonmetal. Metals, like aluminum, silver, copper, and gold are good at making heat and electricity. But non metals, like carbon, phosphorus, and iodine are not good at making electricity and heat.
The third property is melting and boiling temperatures. Most elements are solids at 22oC, like lead is a solid at 22oC, and melts at 328oC.
Write a summary of how the elements are organized on the periodic table based on their properties.
On the periodic table all the metals are on the left, the nonmetals are to the right, and metalloids are in between. The most reactive metals are on the lower left of the periodic table, and the most reactive nonmetals are in the second column to the right on the periodic table.
How is the element mercury different from all the other elements?
The element mercury is different because it is a liquid metal.
What are molecules?
Molecules are things that are made up of atoms.
What is the difference between molecules that are elements and molecules that are compounds?
The difference between molecules that are elements and molecules that are compounds is that molecules that are compounds have different kinds of atoms joined together and the molecules that are elements have one kind of atom.
What are the three states of matter? How can a substance change from one state to another?
The three states are solid, liquid, and gas. When you make a solid hot, it turns it into a liquid, and if you make the liquid really hot it turns into a gas.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation is when liquid gets turned into a gas. Liquid evaporates faster when it is hot.
Describe solids, liquids, and gases based on their properties.
Solids have molecules that are lined up facing the same way. Liquids have molecules that are not in lines and are bunched up together. Gases have molecules that are separated.
What makes a material expand? What makes a material contract?
Heat makes material expand, and coldness makes the material contract.
Matter is anything that takes up space.
What is mass?
Mass is the amount of matter inside of an object.
What is volume?
Volume is how much space is taken.
What has more mass, a golf ball or a balloon? How do you know?
The golf ball has more mass than the balloon because it weighs more.
What has more volume, a golf ball or a balloon? How do you know?
The balloon has more volume because it takes up more space than the golf ball.
If you were on the moon, would you weigh the same amount? Why or why not? Would you have the same mass?
If we were on the moon, we would have the same mass because we have just as much matter as we do on the earth. The moon has less mass than the earth so you would not weigh as much.
What is density?
Density is the amount of matter that is in a object.
What causes something to float? To sink?
If a boats density is greater than the water’s density it will sink, and if the water's density is greater than the boats, the boat will float.
How do you find the density of something?
To find the density we divide the mass by its volume to measure how much matter is packed into it.
What is the most dense: Solid, liquid, or gas? What is the least dense: Solid, liquid, or gas?
The most dense of a solid, liquid, and gas is a solid. The least dense of solid, liquid, or gas would be gas.
1.What does buoyancy mean?
Buoyancy means that that any object that gets pushed up to the surface with liquid has buoyancy.
2.Look at the diagram of the submarine on pages 298-299, and read the explanation about the ballast tanks above it. Why do you think that the ballast tanks aren’t put in just one part of the submarine?
The ballast tanks on both sides help the submarine to be stable.
3.What would adding more water to the ballast tanks do? What would letting water out of the ballast tanks do?
If you added more water to the ballast tank it will start to sink. If you let water out of the ballast tank in the submarine it will float.
4.What does it mean when we say some materials conduct heat well? Give an example of a material that conducts heat.
Conducting heat means letting heat go through the materials. For example, metal conducts heat well.
5.What does it mean when we say some materials insulate against the passage of heat? Give an example of a material that insulates against heat.
Some materials insulate the heat from escaping like wood handles on the pans insulate the heat.
What are four different properties that we can use to classify matter?
The four different properties that classify matter are density, magnetism, electricity, and buoyancy.
Give two examples of how you use these properties in everyday life.
We use electricity to power a house, and magnetism to make our electricity.
What kind of metal must an object be made out of in order to be attracted by a magnet?
Iron is the only metal that can be attached to a magnet.
Look at the chart of page 297. Using the information on the chart, explain why helium balloons rise.
Helium balloons rise because the air density is 0.0012 at sea level. The density of the helium is 0.00018. As long as the helium and balloon are lighter than the air, the balloon will rise.
Answer the following density questions:
A piece of wood has a mass of 25 grams, and a volume of 29.4 c(3). What is its density?
The density of the piece of wood is 0.85.
25/29.4=0.85
A cup of gold colored metal beads was measured to have a mass 425 grams. By water displacement, the volume of the beads was calculated to be 48.0 cm3. Given the following densities, identify which type of metal it is.
Gold: 19.3 g/mL
Copper: 8.86 g/mL
Bronze: 9.87 g/mL
It is copper.
4250/480=8.86
What are elements?
Elements are things that can not be broken down into simpler substances.
How are elements related to matter?
Elements make all matter in the universe.
Describe the symbols given to elements.
The symbols given to elements are letters. The first letter is always capitalized and the second is not. For example, Au is for gold, Al is for aluminum, C is for carbon, S is for sulfur, and Cu is for copper.
Do a little bit of online research to find out what the “Periodic Table” is. Describe what it is simply, and in your own words.
The periodic table is a table of elements of metals and gases.
Continue looking online to find an example of a periodic table that includes the name of each element (not just it’s symbol). Sort each element into two groups, and list them below. The first group should be each element that you know about. The second group should be each element that you have never heard of before.
Elements I do know
Helium
Sulfur
Potassium
Calcium
Titanium
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Bromine
Krypton
Silver
Tin
Platinum
Gold
Mercury
Elements I don’t know
Beryllium
Lithium
Boron
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Neon
Silicon
Phosphorus
Chlorine
Argon
Scandium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Gallium
Germanium
Arsenic
Selenium
Rubidium
Strontium
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
Molybdenum
Technetium
Ruthenium
Rhodium
Palladium
Cadmium
Indium
Antimony
Tellurium
Iodine
Xenon
Cesium
Barium
Lanthanum
Cerium
Praseodymium
Neodymium
Promethium
Samarium
Europium
Gadolinium
Terbium
Dysprosium
Holmium
Erbium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
Osmium
Iridium
What is a compound?
A compound is a single substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.
Water contains the elements hydrogen and oxygen. However, when you look at water under a microscope, you can’t see each of these parts. Why does water appear to be a single substance?
Water appears to be a single substance because the oxygen and hydrogen are mixed. It is called a compound.
What is a chemical formula? Use the chemical formula for glucose (a type of sugar) to illustrate your explanation.
A chemical formula is a few numbers and letters that contains symbols for the elements. For example, glucose is C6H12O6. C6 means there are 6 carbon atoms, H12 means 12 hydrogen atoms, and O6 means 6 oxygen atoms.
What is an atom?
An atom is a small thing that makes everything in the world. The atom is so small you can only see it through machines.
Describe the parts of an atom.
The parts of an atom are the nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons. The nucleus is in the center of the atom. It is filled with neutrons and protons, and electrons float outside the nucleus. Between the nucleus and the electrons is empty space.
Each element has different properties. What are three of the properties of elements that are described in the book? Give an example of each.
The first property is chemical reactivity. Magnetism takes part in chemical reactions easier than aluminum. The magnetism reacts wildly with the acid. But still the aluminum hardly reacts at all.
The second property is metal versus nonmetal. Metals, like aluminum, silver, copper, and gold are good at making heat and electricity. But non metals, like carbon, phosphorus, and iodine are not good at making electricity and heat.
The third property is melting and boiling temperatures. Most elements are solids at 22oC, like lead is a solid at 22oC, and melts at 328oC.
Write a summary of how the elements are organized on the periodic table based on their properties.
On the periodic table all the metals are on the left, the nonmetals are to the right, and metalloids are in between. The most reactive metals are on the lower left of the periodic table, and the most reactive nonmetals are in the second column to the right on the periodic table.
How is the element mercury different from all the other elements?
The element mercury is different because it is a liquid metal.
What are molecules?
Molecules are things that are made up of atoms.
What is the difference between molecules that are elements and molecules that are compounds?
The difference between molecules that are elements and molecules that are compounds is that molecules that are compounds have different kinds of atoms joined together and the molecules that are elements have one kind of atom.
What are the three states of matter? How can a substance change from one state to another?
The three states are solid, liquid, and gas. When you make a solid hot, it turns it into a liquid, and if you make the liquid really hot it turns into a gas.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation is when liquid gets turned into a gas. Liquid evaporates faster when it is hot.
Describe solids, liquids, and gases based on their properties.
Solids have molecules that are lined up facing the same way. Liquids have molecules that are not in lines and are bunched up together. Gases have molecules that are separated.
What makes a material expand? What makes a material contract?
Heat makes material expand, and coldness makes the material contract.